FUW TRENDS IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(A Peer Review Journal)
e–ISSN: 2408–5162; p–ISSN: 2048–5170
keywords: Energy contribution, insects, mineral safety index, proximate composition
The proximate and mineral composition of Apis mellifera, Macrotermes belliccosus, Imbrasia belina, Oryctes boas and Sitophilus zeamais were determined. The protein and carbohydrate contents varied from at 14.0 – 17.2 g/100g and 60.5 – 71.8 g/100g, respectively. Crude fat content was low (2.98 g/100g) in Oryctes boas. Total energy (1505-1569 kJ/100g) and protein energy contribution (PEC %) (67.6-77.8) were generally low. Among the minerals (mg/100 g) evaluated, Na (140 – 402), K (198 – 2515) and P (618 – 1443) were the most concentrated; Ca was low at 9.28 – 22.8 mg/100g. Zn was high at 15.3 – 45.2 mg/100g; Fe (9.48 – 13.7 mg/100g) was low except in Sitophylus zeamais (22.5 mg/100g) whereas Mn (1.08 – 4.25 mg/100 g) was low in all the samples. Pb recorded 0.00 mg/100g in Apis mellifera, Macrotermes belliccosus, and Imbrasia belina but not detected in Oryctes boas and Sitophylus zeamais. Cu (0.097 – 0.196 mg/100g) and Cd (0.09 – 0.39 mg/100g) were generally low in the samples. In the mineral ratios, all the samples were less than 0.5 in Ca/P and 1.0 in Ca/Mg. In Na/K, only Apis mellifera, and Macrotermes belliccosus, had values above the recommended 0.6. The mineral safety index showed that Na, Ca, Mg and Cu were all lower than the standards whereas Zn was higher in all the samples. Fe was outside the index in Sitophylus zeamais and P in Oryctes boas whereas the two minerals were within the standard in the remaining insect samples. Standard mineral safety index values are Na (4.80), Ca (10.0), Mg (15.0), Zn (33.0), Fe (6.70), Cu (33.0) and P (10.0).
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